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Wandsworth in Surrey County England History and GeographyWANDSWORTH, a parish in the western division of the hundred of BRIXTON, county of SURREY, 6 miles (S.W.) from London, containing 6702 inhabitants. The name of this place is derived from its situation on the river Wandle, which falls into the Thames in this parish. It consists chiefly of one street, occupying the declivities of two hills, on each of which are several mansions of a superior description: the inhabitants are supplied with water from springs. The manufactures comprise scarlet-dyeing, established for more than a century; hat-making, introduced by some French emigrants who settled here in the time of Louis XIV.; the making of bolting cloths, the printing of kerseymeres, the whitening and pressing of stuffs, and calico-printing: there are also three cornmills, and mills for the preparation of iron, white lead, and linseed oil, now on the decline; vinegar works, distilleries, and a large brewery; the whole furnishing employment to several hundred persons. A rail-road extends from the basin, near the junction of the Wandle with the Thames, through Mitcham and Croydon, to Merstham in Surrey, and furnishes means of conveyance for the manufactures and other commodities. A fair is held on Whit-Monday, for cattle, horses, and pigs; and there is a pleasure fair on the two following days. The town is within the jurisdiction of the new police. Petty sessions for the western division of the hundred of Brixton are held every Saturday; and a court of requests, for the recovery of debts under £5, comprises within its jurisdiction the parishes of Barnes, Battersea, Lower Tooting, Mortlake, Merton, Putney, Wandsworth, and Wimbledon. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Surrey, and diocese of Winchester, rated in the king's books at £15. 5. 5., and in the patronage of Mrs. Anne Butcher. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a plain brick structure, rebuilt in 1780, with the exception of a square tower at the west end; it contains several monuments. A new church, dedicated to St. Anne, and containing one thousand seven hundred and fifty-eight sittings, of which one thousand three hundred and thirty-two are free, has been recently erected, at an expense of £14,600, which was defrayed by His Majesty's commissioners for building new churches. There are places of worship for Baptists, the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists: the Society of Friends have two schools, at one of which the eminent citizen, Sir John Barnard, was educated. The free, or Green-coat, school was founded and endowed, in 1710, under the will of William Wicks; of late years it has been incorporated with the National schools, in which one hundred and twenty-five boys and one hundred girls are educated, twenty-five of the boys and thirty of the girls being also clothed: the produce of the old endowment is appropriated exclusively to the use of thirty-five boys on the original foundation. The school of industry, founded in 1805, in which forty girls are instructed in knitting, spinning, &c., besides apportioning rewards for good behaviour at service, is supported by voluntary contributions. A school for the education of children of every religious denomination, instituted in 1821, affords instruction to one hundred and seventy boys and sixty girls. Fifteen watermen of the parish receive £4 per annum each, the produce of bequests by Nicholas Tonnett, Sir Alan Broderick, and Sir Francis Millington. Here are some small funds for apprenticing poor children, and relieving the poor, for whose benefit a parochial library was instituted, in 1826. Amongst the miscellaneous charities, those of the famous Alderman Smith, commonly called Dog Smith, who was born and buried here, deserve particular notice, extending not only to Wandsworth, but to most of the principal towns in the county. The first Presbyterian congregation established in the kingdom was at this place, in the year 1572. In Garratt-lane, between Wandsworth and Tooting, a mock election used to be held after every parliamentary election, to which Foote's dramatic production of the Mayor of Garratt has given celebrity. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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