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Waltham (bishop's) in Southampton County England History and GeographyWALTHAM (BISHOP'S), a market town and parish in that part of the hundred of BISHOP'S WALTHAM which is in the Portsdown division of the county of SOUTHAMPTON, 10 miles (E.N.E.) from Southampton, and 65 (S.W. by W.) from London, containing 2126 inhabitants. The market is on Friday: fairs are held on the second Friday in May, for horses and toys; July 30th, for cheese and pedlary; and the first Friday after Old Michaelmas-day, for horses, stockings, and toys. A bailiff is appointed at the court of the manor held by the Bishop of Winchester. The living is a rectory, in the peculiar jurisdiction of the Incumbent, rated in the king's books at £26. 12. 8½., and in the patronage of the Bishop of Winchester. The church is dedicated to St. Peter. The river Hamble has its source about half a mile from the village, and passes through the piece of water termed Waltham Pond, which formerly deserved the appellation, given it by historians, of 'a large and beautiful lake,' but is now contracted by the encroachments of alluvial soil and rushes. On its banks are the remains of the once magnificent palace of the Bishops of Winchester, built, in 1135, by Bishop Henry de Blois, brother of King Stephen, and greatly embellished by Wykeham: it continued to be the principal episcopal residence till the parliamentary war, when it was destroyed by the army under Waller: the extensive park in which it stood was afterwards converted into farms by Bishop Morley, who also founded a free school here, and endowed it with an annuity of £10, which sum has been augmented, by subsequent benefactions, to £38, for which thirty-six boys are instructed. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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