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Stratford (Stony) in Buckingham County England History and GeographySTRATFORD (STONY), a market town comprising the united parishes of West Side and East Side, in the hundred of NEWPORT, county of BUCKINGHAM, 8 miles (N.E.) from Buckingham, and 52 (N.W.) from London, containing 1499 inhabitants. At or near this spot appears to have been the Lactodorum of the Itinerary. Camden is of opinion that it was at the town, because the derivation of Lactodorum, in the ancient British language, agrees with the present name, both signifying 'a river forded by means of stones.' Dr. Stukeley supposes it was at Old Stratford, on the Northamptonshire side of the river; and Dr. Salmon, at Claverston, an eminence close to the old road which led to the ford at Passenham, where the army of Edward the Elder was stationed, whilst he fortified Towcester. Through Stratford passes the Roman road, Watling-street, in its course in a direct line through the county from Brickhill. One of the crosses in memory of Eleanor, queen of Edward I., was erected here, but it was demolished in the great civil war. At an inn in this town, Richard III., when Duke of Gloucester, accompanied by the Duke of Buckingham, seized the unfortunate young prince, Edward V., and, in his presence, arrested Lord Richard Grey and Sir Thomas Vaughan. In 1736, an accidental fire destroyed fifty-three houses; and, in 1742, a similar catastrophe consumed one hundred and thirteen, and the church of St. Mary Magdalene, which has never been rebuilt: the tower, however, escaped the flames, and is yet standing. The damage was estimated at £10,000, of which £7000 was raised for the sufferers by a brief and subscriptions. The town consists of one long street, composed of houses built of freestone, of which some are very good: it is partially paved with pebbles, and well supplied with water, but not lighted, though an act for lighting and paving was obtained in 1800. This place consisted originally of only a few inns, but its traffic (which is now very great) increasing, its enlargement followed, and a stone bridge, with five arches, was constructed over the Ouse. The manufacture of bone-lace gives employment to many families. A market was granted to the Veres in 1460: in 1663, Simon Bennet, lord of the manor of Calverton, procured a charter for a market on Friday (the present market-day), and four fairs, but only three are now held, viz. August 2nd, Friday next after October the 10th, and November 12th; the first and last are for cattle. The government is in the county magistrates, who sit every alternate Friday. The livings of the two parishes, having been united, form a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of Buckingham, and diocese of Lincoln, endowed with £8 per annum and £200 private benefaction, and £600 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Bishop of Lincoln. The church, dedicated to St. Giles, formerly a chantry, was erected in 1451, and endowed in 1482, but rebuilt, except the tower, in 1776, by Mr. Irons of Warwick. Till of late years it was included in the parish of Calverton, on the west side of the street, whilst that of St. Mary Magdalene belonged to that of Wolverton, on the east side; there are not at present, in either district, twenty acres of land not covered with buildings. There are places of worship for Baptists, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. Two Sunday schools, in which upwards of three hundred children are instructed, were opened in 1786; and in 1819, a National school, for an unlimited number of boys, supported by voluntary contributions, was also opened, to which an endowment for ten boys, bequeathed by Mr. M. Hipwell, of this place, has since been appropriated. Here is also a fund of £70 per annum, for apprenticing poor children. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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