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Marlow (Great) in Buckingham County England History and GeographyMARLOW (GREAT), a borough, market town, and parish, in the hundred of DESBOROUGH, county of BUCKINGHAM, 35½ miles (S. by E.) from Buckingham, and 31 (W. by N.) from London, containing 3763 inhabitants, of which number, 2532 are in the borough. The ancient name of this place was Merlaw, supposed to be derived from the Saxon word Mere, a marsh, and Law or Low, a hill. The town, situated on the banks of the Thames, consists of two principal streets, which cross in the market-place: the surrounding scenery is replete with variety and beauty. Races are held in July; and there is a good news-room. The river is here crossed by a wooden bridge, but an iron suspension bridge is in progress of erection. There are some paper-mills and copper-works in the neighbourhood, which, with the manufacture of lace and covered wire, and rope-making, furnish considerable employment to the labouring class: there is likewise a good trade in corn, timber, and malt. The market, held on Saturday, has nearly fallen into disuse; a pleasure fair is held on the 1st of May, and another for cheese, &c., on the 29th of October. The principal civil officer is a high constable. The borough first sent representatives to parliament in the 28th of Edward I., and continued so to do till the 2nd of Edward II., when the privilege ceased for upwards of four hundred years, but was restored upon petition to the House of Commons in the 21st of James I., and has since been exercised without intermission: the right of election is in the inhabitants paying scot and lot; the number of voters is about five hundred, and the high constable is the returning officer. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Buckingham, and diocese of Lincoln, rated in the king's books at £13. 6. 8., and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a venerable structure, and contains several ancient monuments. There are places of worship for Independents and Wesleyan Methodists. In 1628, Sir William Borlase bequeathed estates for teaching twenty-four poor children, apprenticing six of them annually, and teaching twenty-four women to make bone-lace, and for a man to keep a house of correction. A National school for children of both sexes is supported by subscription. In the 7th of James I., John Brinkhurst devised to trustees almshouses for six poor widows, and 5s. per quarter to each inmate. The Royal Military College, established at High Wycombe in 1799, was removed to this town in 1802; but, in 1812, it was again removed to Sandhurst in Berkshire. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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