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Lanercost-Abbey in Cumberland County England History and GeographyLANERCOST-ABBEY, a parish in ESKDALE, ward, county of CUMBERLAND, 2½ miles (N.E.) from Brampton, comprising the townships of Askerton, Banks, Burtholme, Kingwater, and Waterhead, and containing 1512 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Carlisle, endowed with £200 royal bounty, and £1400 parliamentary grant, and in the patronage of the Earl of Carlisle. The church, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, is part of the ancient abbey, and is principally in the early style of English architecture, with portions in the Norman. In this parish, which was crossed by the great Roman wall of Julius Agricola, was the station of the Cohors Prima ?lia Dacorum, called Amboglana, the site of which is an extensive plain terminating in a precipitous descent to the river Irthing: the dimensions of the castrum are one hundred and twenty yards north and south, by eighty cast and west: some altars have been found here, dedicated to Jupiter Optimus Maximus, as also dedications to Mars and Cocis, with various monumental and other inscriptions, though almost effaced by time: a fragment of the ancient wall, ten feet in height, and five yards in length, is yet standing at Harehill. On the north bank of the river Irthing are the very interesting ruins of an Augustine priory, dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, founded in 1169, by Robert de Vallibus, lord of Gilsland, and endowed by himself and others with a revenue valued at the dissolution at £79. 19.: it was frequently visited by Edward I., and partly destroyed by conflagration in 1296; in 1311, Robert Bruce, with his army, lay here for three days. The ruins comprise vestiges of the conventual church, cloisters, refectory, and other buildings; the nave has been fitted up as the parish church; the dilapidated walls, which exhibit numerous specimens of architecture in the early style, are covered with ivy, ash, and other plants: the western gateway consists of a circular arch, richly decorated and supported by pilasters, and is surmounted by a statue of Mary Magdalene, the tutelar saint of the abbey. In a part of the ancient cemetery which has been converted into gardens, several stone coffins and monuments lie among the trees. Within this parish, and about seven miles from Lanercost is Gilsland spa, the waters of which are sulphuretted chalybeate: the scenery is beautiful and romantic, and there is every requisite accommodation for visitors, with billiard-tables, music-rooms, libraries, &c. The spring, anciently called Holy Well, acquired its present name about the year 1770. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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