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Kirk-Andrews upon Esk in Cumberland County England History and GeographyKIRK-ANDREWS upon ESK, a parish in ESKDALE ward, county of CUMBERLAND, comprising the chapelry of Nichol-Forest, and the townships of Middle Kirk-Andrews, Nether Kirk-Andrews, and Moat, and containing 2235 inhabitants, of which number, 624 are in the township of Middle Kirk-Andrews, 3 miles (N. by E.) from Longtown. The living is a discharged rectory, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Carlisle, rated in the king's books at £3. 11. 5., endowed with £200 royal bounty, and in the patronage of Sir James Graham, Bart. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, is a very picturesque object, standing alone on the western bank of the Esk: it was erected by Sir Richard Graham upon the site of a more ancient structure, in 1637, at which period Kirk-Andrews was made a distinct parish, having previously been only a chapelry in that of Arthuret, or Easton. Here are four charity schools, with endowments of £5 each bequeathed by Lady Widdrington, in 1754. This parish, which is separated from Scotland by the rivers Liddel, Kershope, and Sark, and by the Scots' dyke, forms a large portion of the English border, and was the scene of almost constant warfare before the union of the two crowns. Near the church is one of the ancient tower fortresses erected for the defence of the border; and on the steep banks of the Liddel is a moated place, called Liddel's Strength, believed to have been the site of the castle of the ancient barons of Liddel. William, King of Scotland, took this castle in 1174; and David Bruce captured it by assault in 1346. About a mile from the church is a quarry of good freestone: over the Esk is a bridge, where many of the rebles, in 1745, were slaughtered by the army of the Duke of Cumberland. There is a cast-iron bridge across the same river at Garristown, also two of stone over the Sark. In this parish is Solway Moss, celebrated for the victory obtained there over the Scots in the reign of Henry VIII., and for its extraordinary irruption in November 1771, when a large tract of land was inundated, though it was afterwards recovered and brought again into cultivation. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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