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Harrow On the Hill in Middlesex County England History and GeographyHARROW on the HILL, a parish (furmerly a market town) in the hundred of GORE, county of MIDDLESEX, 9 miles (N.W. by W.) from London, containing, with the hamlet of Weald with Greenhill, 3017 inhabitants. This place is chiefly distinguished on account of the free grammar school, founded in the reign of Elizabeth, in 1571, which ranks among the most celebrated classical schools in England. The founder was John Lyon, a native of the neighbouring hamlet of Preston, who, in 1590, drew up a set of statutes for the school, in which, among various regulations, he directed that the pupils should be instructed in archery, and it was customary, until about the middle of the last century, for the scholars to hold an annual festival on the 4th of August, when they shot at a mark for a silver arrow: this usage having been abolished, public speeches are now delivered on the anniversary of that day: the school is under the direction of six governors. The head master has a salary of £20 per annum from the funds of the institution, with liberty to take private pupils; the second master has £10 per annum; and there are six assistant masters; but the emoluments of all these gentlemen are principally derived from stipendiary tuition. The school is free for all boys belonging to the parish of Harrow, who are entitled to gratuitons instruction, but very few avail themselves of the privilege. The number of boys not on the foundation is usually between three and four hundred, and they enjoy all the privileges attached to the institution. Two exhibitioners from this school are admitted at Cambridge, and two at Oxford, with pensions allotted by the founder, who directed that £20 per annum should be divided among them, but they now receive £20 per annum each for eight years. The governors have not long since instituted two annual scholarships, with pensions of £52. 10. for four years at either of the Universities. The rents of the estates given for the support of this institution by Mr. Lyon, amounted in 1795 to £669 per annum, which was expended by the governors in paying salaries and exhibitions, educating poor children, relieving decayed housekeepers, repairing roads, &c., agreeably to the directions of the donor: at present the income is much more considerable, part of the estates having been let on building leases. A charter was granted by Henry III. to the inhabitants of Harrow, for a market on Monday, and an annual fair; the former has been discontinued, but a fair is still held on the first Monday in August. No staple manufacture is carried on, the trade of the place depending chiefly on the demand for the necessaries of life for the supply of the school, and of the numerous visitors from the metropolis and its neighbourhood. The living is a vicarage, in the exempt deanery of Croydon, in the peculiar jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Canterbury, rated in the king's books at £33. 4. 2., and in the patronage of Lord Northwick. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is a spacious structure, with a tower and lofty spire at the west end; the pillars between the nave and the aisles, and a part of the tower, where there is a curious Norman doorway, probably formed portions of a church recorded to have been founded by Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, in the reign of William I.; but the remainder of the edifice appears to have been rebuilt in the latter part of the fourteenth century: in this church was interred the celebrated poet and physician, Sir Samucl Garth. There is a chapel of ease at Pinner, in this parish. Here are places of worship for Baptists and Wesleyan Methodists. Besides the grammar school, there is a charity school for twelve poor children, with a small endowment, partly from a bequest by Edward Robinson, in 1711; and also a school on the National plan. At the extremity of the parish, towards Stanmore, was anciently a priory called Benethly, or Bentley, the site of which now forms part of the estate of the Marquis of Abercorn, who has near it a splendid and richly furnished mansion, called Bentley Priory. The learned Dr. Samuel Parr was born, in 1747, at Harrow,) where his father practised as an apothecary,) and died at Hatton, in Warwickshire, in 1825. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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