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Guisborough in York County England History and GeographyGUISBOROUGH, or GUILSBROUGH, a parish in the eastern division of the liberty of LANGBAURGH, North riding of the county of YORK, comprising the market town of Guisborough, and the townships of Dale-Common, Hutton-Locras, Pinchingthorpe, and Tocketts, and containing 2180 inhabitants, of which number, 1912 are in the town of Guisborough, 49 miles (N.) from York, and 244 (N. by W.) from London. This place is situated in a narrow but fertile vale, extending about four miles from the mouth of the river Tees: it consists chiefly of a spacious street of well-built houses, having a neat and pleasant appearance. A handsome town-hall was erected in 1821, in the market-place, on the site of the old toll-booth, supported on pillars and arches, the lower part serving for shambles, &c., for the market people. The market, which is well attended, is held on Tuesday; and there are fairs on the last Tuesdays in June and July. Markets for wool take place on the last Tuesday in April, Tuesday before Whit-Sunday, the third Tuesdays in August and September, the second Tuesday in November, and the last Tuesday in March. In 1322 a mineral spring was discovered, about a mile south-east from Guisborough, which has been found to possess diuretic properties, and contains carbonic acid, with a small quantity of muriate and carbonate of soda, and other neutral salts: it is much frequented for the relief of rheumatic, scorbutic, and bilious complaints. Alum works were established at Guisborough in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, by Sir Thomas Chaloner, who brought workmen from Italy, and first introduced the manufacture of alum into England; but they have long been discontinued, and the trade transferred to Whitby. The petty sessions for the eastern division of the liberty of Langbaurgh are held in the town-hall every alternate Tuesday. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry of Cleveland, and diocese of York, endowed with £400 private benefaction, and £600 royal bounty, and in the patronage of the Archbishop of York. The church, dedicated to St. Nicholas, is a neat edifice, partly rebuilt in 1791. Here are places of worship for the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. A free grammar school, called Jesus school, was founded under letters patent of Elizabeth, in 1561, by the Rev. Robert Pursglove; who also founded almshouses for six men and six women, and gave estates for the support of these charities, which, with other benefactions, produce an annual income of £329. 4. 4., from which the schoolmaster receives a stipend of £50 per annum, but there are no scholars on the foundation, there being little or no demand for classical instruction among the parishioners. In 1790, a school for eighty poor children, called Providence school, was established here by subscription, promoted by Mr. George Venables, who bequeathed property for its support; and, in 1821, two new school-rooms were built, in which one hundred boys, and one hundred girls, are instructed on the National system. A priory of Augustine canons was founded here by Robert de Brus, in 1129, the revenue of which, at the dissolution, was £712. 6. 6. Walter Hemingford, a monkish historian of the thirteenth century, was a native of this place. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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