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Gainford in Durham County England History and GeographyGAINFORD, a parish comprising the chapelry of Denton, and the township of Houghton-Lee-Side, in the south-eastern division; and the chapelries of Barnard-Castle and Whorlton, and the townships of Bolam, Gainford, Headlam, Ingleton, Langton, Marwood, Morton-Tynemouth, Pierse-Bridge, Staunton with Streatlam, Summerhouse, Westwick, and a part of Cleatlam, in the south-western division, of DARLINGTON ward, county palatine of DURHAM, and containing, including the whole population of Cleatlam, 6508 inhabitants, of which number, 500 are in the township of Gainford, 7¾ miles (W. by N.) from Darlington. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Durham, rated in the king's books at £39. 6. 0½., and in the patronage of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge. The church, dedicated to St. Mary, was built by Egfrid, Bishop of Lindisfarne; it has been frequently repaired, and a gallery was erected on the north side by the late John Walton Elliot, Esq. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. In 1691, the Rev. Henry Greswold left £100, directing the interest to be applied to the education of children. This place was anciently a seigniory, endowed with special liberties. In 1293, Agnes de Valentia had lands and free warren here, a place of execution, and various other privileges of a royal franchise. There are some mineral springs in the parish, and an abundance of coal and limestone. The village is pleasantly situated on the north bank of the Tees, and consists of one spacious street of good buildings, extending along the high road, parallel with the river. The Marquis of Cleveland, as lord of the manor, holds courts leet and baron monthly, in the court-house at Barnard-Castle. On the road between Gainford and Pierse-Bridge is a stone deeply buried in the earth, of a form very like that of a Roman altar, called the White Cross. In digging on Gainford Green, many human skulls were discovered, the supposed remains of some Scots who suffered decapitation. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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