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Egham in Surrey County England History and GeographyEGHAM, a parish in the second division of the hundred of GODLEY, county of SURREY, 20 miles (W. by S.) from London, containing 3616 inhabitants. The village is pleasantly situated on the banks of the river Thames, which here separates the counties of Surrey and Middlesex, and is intersected by the Roman road from Silchester, commencing at the Belvidere, in Shrub's park, and directing its course to the town, east of Virginia Water: it becomes conspicuous on the rising grounds, where it is remarkable for the almost entire preservation of its original form; and whence it may be traced, with some intervals, to Ashford, in Middlesex. In this parish are the plains of Runymede, appointed by King John for holding a conference with the barons, who had confederated for the preservation of their liberty, and celebrated as the spot on which, after a debate of a few days, during which each party encamped as open enemies, the king consented to grant the privileges and exemptions contained in 'Magna Charta,' which he afterwards signed in a small island near the opposite bank of the Thames, still called Magna Charta island. The village, neatly built, and containing many respectable houses, is connected with the market town of Staines by a neat bridge, and another is now being erected in a more direct line with the London road. Cooper's Hill, within the parish, was first celebrated by the muse of Denham, who resided here, and afterwards by Pope and Somerville. Camomile Hill obtained its appellation from the luxuriant growth of that herb, with which it is covered, and which appears to be indigenous to the soil. Races are held annually in September, on Runymede, and are well attended. The only trade in this place is that arising from its situation as a great public thoroughfare. An annual fair is held on the 29th of May and the two following days. The parish is divided into four tythings, and courts baron for the manors of Egham and Mitton are held annually. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Surrey, and diocese of Winchester, rated in the king's books at £11. 9. 7., and in the patronage of Mrs. Gostling. The church, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, is a modern edifice of brick, ornamented with stone, and was built by subscription, his late Majesty, George III., having been a liberal contributor. There is a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A charity school was founded in 1703, by Henry Strode, Esq., who bequeathed £6000 to the Coopers' Company in London, in trust for that purpose, and also for the foundation and endowment of almshouses for six aged men and six aged women; fifty boys are instructed in reading, writing, and arithmetic, on the National system: sixteen girls are also taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and needlework, by part of a legacy of £360, left by Mrs. Barker, for teaching children of the parishes of Egham, New Windsor, and Yately. This parish has also the privilege of sending boys for education to the foundation by Sir William Perkins, at Chertsey. Edmond Lee, Esq., in 1705, bequeathed £1000 to be laid out in land, the produce to be applied in apprenticing four boys, or girls, yearly. Twelve almshouses, containing each an upper and a lower room, have been erected in pursuance of Mr. Strode's will, and are tenanted by twelve aged persons appointed by the Coopers' Company; the income arising from this endowment is nearly £800 per annum. Five almshouses were founded in 1627, by Sir John Denham, who endowed them with a rent-charge of £30, and with tenements producing a rental of £8. 8. per annum, for five aged women of this parish. Viscountess Warren Bulkeley bequeathed £1000 for the benefit of the poor, in addition to which there are several other charitable bequests. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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