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Edmonton in Middlesex County England History and GeographyEDMONTON, a parish in the hundred of EDMONTON, county of MIDDLESEX, 7 miles (N.) from London, containing 7900 inhabitants. This place, which had risen into some consideration prior to the Conquest, is in Domesday-book called ?delmeton, probably as having been the residence of some distinguished personage during the Heptarchy. The extensive forest in the neighbourhood, of which Enfield Chase formed a part, made it the resort of many individuals who occasionally retired hither to enjoy the diversion of hunting, and from its convenient distance from the metropolis, it became the residence of many opulent families. The village is pleasantly situated on the high road to Hertford, along which it extends for more than a mile, containing, exclusively of small dwellings, several ranges of respectable, houses, and, in detached situations, many elegant mansions and handsome villas; it is well lighted with gas, and amply supplied with water: the New River winds through several parts of the parish, producing a pleasing and picturesque effect in the pleasure grounds and meadows through which it runs. A considerable coach manufactory has been established here within the last thirty years, which affords employment to more than sixty persons; and an extensive trade in timber is carried on by means of the Lea river navigation, which passes within three quarters of a mile of the village. Fairs are held annually on St. Giles' and Ascension days, on a part of Enfield Chase, near Southgate, in this parish, under letters patent of James I., chiefly for pleasure. The petty sessions for the division are held at the Angel Inn every alternate Friday. The jurisdiction of a court of requests at Enfield, for the recovery of debts under 40s., extends to this parish; and a court leet and court baron are held on the Tuesday in Whitsun-week. The parish comprises the divisions of Church-Street, Fore-Street, Bury-Street, and Southgate-Street. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry of Middlesex, and diocese of London, rated in the king's books at £18, and in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, London. The church, dedicated to All Saints, is a spacious modern brick structure with an old embattled tower; the nave was rebuilt of brick in 1772. The chapel in Southgate-Street was erected and endowed in 1615, by Sir John Weld, Knt.; and another chapel on Winchmore Hill, dedicated to St. Paul, in the later style of English architecture, was erected in 1828, at an expense of nearly £5000, defrayed by subscription among the inhabitants, aided by a grant of £3500 from the parliamentary commissioners. There, are places of worship for Baptists, the Society of Friends, Independents, and Wesleyan Methodists. A charity school for boys was founded in 1624, by Mr. Edward Latymer, who bequeathed a messuage at Edmonton, and lands at Hammersmith, for clothing and educating eight poor boys, for which purpose also Mr. Thomas Styles, in 1679, bequeathed £20 per annum; several similar benefactions have been consolidated, producing about £550 per annum, which is appropriated to the instruction of more than one hundred boys, of which number sixty are clothed: the school-room was built in 1811, pursuant to the will of Mrs. Ann Wyatt, who bequeathed £500 five per cent. Navy annuities for that purpose, and £100 to keep it in repair. A charity school for girls was established by subscription in 1778, since which period donations and legacies to the amount of £5000 have been given for its support; the endowment arising from these sums is augmented by annual subscription, and appropriated to the clothing and instruction of more than seventy girls: the present school-house was built by subscription in 1818. There is a National school, in which nearly three hundred children are instructed. A fund arising from several bequests is appropriated to the apprenticing of poor children. Mr. John Wild, in 1662, built three almshouses, which he endowed with £4 per annum; and Mr. Thomas Styles erected twelve, which he endowed with £36. 16. per annum; to the poor in the latter, Mr. John Lewitt, in 1771, bequeathed £800; and for the poor in both almshouses, Mr. George Stanbridge, in 1780, left £500; Mrs. Sarah Huxley, in 1800, bequeathed £1000; and other benefactors have contributed various sums for their support. On Bush Hill, in this parish, are remains of a large circular encampment, supposed to have been the site of a British town, near which Sir Hugh Myddelton had a residence. Bury hall, the seat of President Bradshaw, retains many of its original features. Peter Fabell, a learned man of eccentric character, who obtained the reputation of being a conjuror, is said to have been born in this parish, which became noted by the production of a drama about the year 1490, founded upon some of his alleged exploits, and called the 'Merry Devil of Edmonton:' the place also gave rise to a tragedy founded on the history of an unfortunate woman who was condemned and executed on a charge of witchcraft, in 1621; and it has been lastly celebrated as the scene of Cowper's popular ballad of 'John Gilpin,' in allusion to which there is a painting in front of the Bell Inn. Dr. Brook Taylor, secretary to the Royal Society, and author of an ingenious treatie on Perspective, was born here in 1685; and Archbishop Tillotson resided here constantly while Dean of St. Paul's, and occasionally after his translation to the primacy. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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