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Dalston in Cumberland County England History and GeographyDALSTON, a parish in the ward and county of CUMBERLAND, comprising the chapelry of Ivegill, and the townships of Buckhowbank, Cumdevock, Dalston, Hawkesdale, and Raughton with Gatesgill, and containing 2617 inhabitants, of which number, 955 are in the township of Dalston, 4½ miles (S.S.W.) from Carlisle. The living is a vicarage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Carlisle, rated in the king's books at £8. 18. 1½., and in the patronage of the Bishop of Carlisle. The church, dedicated to St. Michael, was rebuilt about eighty years ago. There are several cotton and other mills; also an iron and plating forge, where spades and other implements of husbandry are manufactured to a considerable extent. A small customary market is held on Friday. At the eastern end of the village is an ancient cross, raised on a flight of steps, and bearing various coats of arms. There is a commodious school-room, rebuilt by subscription in 1815, and endowed from various sources with about £33 per annum, in which seventy children are instructed: in 1814, Mary Strong bequeathed £100 for the instruction of girls. From some extensive quarries of free-stone here it is supposed a great part of the stone used for building the Roman wall from Carlisle to Bowness was extracted, and the discovery, about the middle of the last century, of a Roman inscription on the face of a rock, serves to confirm this supposition. Vestiges of three Roman encampments likewise exist in the neighbourhood; and a circle of stones, about thirty yards in circumference, is thought to mark the site of a Druidical place of worship. The old castellated mansion of Dalston has been converted into a farm-house. Rose castle, in this parish, is situated in a beautiful valley, through which winds the river Caldew, and is supposed to have been the principal residence of the bishops of Carlisle from the year 1228. In 1322, it was burned by Robert Bruce, and, about 1366, it was twice attacked and ravaged by the Scots. Before the civil war in the seventeenth century, the building formed a complete quadrangle, had five towers, and was surrounded by a turreted wall; in 1648, being then held for the king, it was attacked by General Lambert, and taken by storm; shortly afterwards, the Duke of Hamilton's army was here reinforced by that under Sir Marmaduke Langdale, and the castle, after having been used as a prison for the royalists, was burnt down by order of Major Cholmley. Since the Restoration it has been rebuilt and improved by successive prelates. The celebrated Dr. Paley was vicar of Dalston from 1774 to 1793. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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