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Chester le Street in Durham County England History and GeographyCHESTER le STREET, a parish comprising the chapelry of Great Lumley, and the townships of Chester le Street, Lambton, and Little Lumley, in the northern division of EASINGTON ward; and the chapelry of Lamesley, and the townships of Beamish, Birtley, Edmondsley, Harraton, Hedley, Kibblesworth, Lintz-Green, Pelton, Plawsworth, Ravensworth, Urpeth, Ouston, and Waldridge, in the middle division of CHESTER ward, county palatine of DURHAM, and containing 13,936 inhabitants, of which number, 1892 are in the township of Chester le Street, 6¼ miles (N.) from Durham. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Durham, and in the patronage of Lord Durham and W. Joliffe, Esq., alternately. The church, anciently collegiate, is dedicated to St. Mary and St. Cuthbert, and is a well built structure, with a tower square at the base, but octagonal above, and supporting a beautiful spire, one hundred and fifty-six feet high, considered to be the handsomest in the north of England: the north aisle contains an interesting series, from the time of the Conqueror down to that of Elizabeth, of fourteen effigies, carved in stone, and resting on the same number of altar-tombs, of the family of Lumley, of Lumley Castle. To this place Eardulph, the eighteenth prelate of the church of Lindisfarne, in 882, removed the relics of St. Cuthbert, an effigy of whom was subsequently found here, when the Danes made a devastating inroad on the coast, and having founded the church, it continued the head of the diocese under a succession of eight bishops, until its removal to Durham in 995. After this it was merely rectorial, until 1286, when Bishop Anthony Beck founded a collegiate establishment, consisting of a dean, seven prebendaries, three deacons, and other ministers, which was included in the suppression of similar institutions in the 1st of Edward VI. The Independents, and Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, have each a place of worship. The village is pleasantly situated in a valley, about a quarter of a mile west of the river Wear, on the road to Berwick; it occupies the site of the Roman station Condercum, on the line of the Roman military way leading to Newcastle: several Roman coins, and an altar much defaced, have been found. The Saxons named it Cunceastre, or Cuneagester. The manufacture of nails, ropes, tiles, &c. is carried on, and the neighbourhood abounds with coal: a market was formerly held weekly, but it has fallen into disuse. The river Wear is navigable to this place, where it is crossed by a bridge erected in 1821. On the 17th of November, 1771, the river overflowed its banks, and greatly damaged many of the houses and other property. A mechanics' institution was established in 1825; and a Sunday school is supported by voluntary contributions. A court leet is held twice a year by the Bishop of Durham, as lord of the manor, wherein small debts are recoverable; and the petty sessions for Chester ward take place every alternate Thursday: a coroner is also specially appointed for the division. Twelve poor children are educated from a bequest made by Mrs. Teward, in 1718. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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