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Callington in Cornwall County England History and GeographyCALLINGTON, or KELLINGTON, a borough, market town, and parish, in the middle division of EAST hundred, county of CORNWALL, 11 miles (S. by E.) from Launceston, 14 (N.) from Plymouth, and 213 (W.S.W.) from London, containing 1321 inhabitants. This town, formerly called Calweton, Calvington, and Killington, is situated on a gentle acclivity, and cousists principally of one spacious street; the houses are, in general, of mean appearance and irregularly built; the town is badly paved, but amply supplied with water. The inhabitants formerly carried on a considerable trade in wool, which has of late declined; there is still a manufactory for fine woollen cloth: the mines in the neighbourhood, though formerly worked to a greater extent, still afford employment to a few of the labouring poor; and a mine of manganese, recently discovered, is in active operation. The market days are Wednesday and Saturday; the former is for corn and provisions, the latter for meat only: a cattle market is also held on the first Wednesday in every month. The fairs, chiefly for cattle and sheep, are on the first Thursday in May and September, and the first Wednesday and Thursday in November. The county magistrates hold a petty session here on the first Thursday in every month: a portreeve and other officers for the town are appointed annually at the court leet of the lord of the manor. The court-house, a commodious edifice, has been recently rebuilt by Lord Clinton. The borough first received the elective franchise in the 27th of Elizabeth, since which time it has continued to return two members to parliament: the right of election, by a decision of the House of Commons in 1821, is in ';freeholders of houses or lands within the borough, resident or nonresident, and in persons holding lands or houses in the borough under leases granted by the owners of the freehold, for terms of years determinable on a life or lives, and in the assignees of the whole subsisting interest granted by such leases, such persons being resident householders for forty days before the day of election, and rated to the poor at forty shillings at the least:' the electors are chiefly in the interest of Alexander Baring, Esq.: the portreeve is the returning officer. The living is a perpetual curacy annexed to the rectory of South-Hill, in the archdeaconry of Cornwall, and diocese of Exeter. The church, a spacious structure dedicated to St. Mary, was built chiefly at the expense of Nicholas de Asheton, one of the judges of the court of King's Bench, who died in 1645, and to whose memory a marble tomb has been erected in the chancel: in the church-yard is the shaft of an ancient cross, on the upper part of which is sculptured a representation of the Crucifixion. There are places of worship for Independents and Wesleyan Methodists. A charity school, originally established by Lord Clinton, is at present supported by Mr. Baring, who pays the master £30 per annum for teaching poor boys of the town: there is an endowment of £12 per annum for teaching children to read, but it is usually distributed among three poor women. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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