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Barnet (Chipping) in Hertford County England History and GeographyBARNET (CHIPPING), a market town and chapclry, in the parish of EAST BARNET, liberty of ST. ALBAN'S, or hundred of CASHIO, county of HERTFORD, 14 miles (S. W. by S.) from Hertford, and 11 (N.) from London, on the great north road, containing 1755 inhabitants. This place, called also High Barnet, from its situation on the summit of a hill, derives its distinguishing name from the privilege granted to the monks of St. Alban's of holding a market here. On the 5th of April, 1471, the decisive battle, which terminated in the defeat and death of the Earl of Warwick, and established Edward IV. on the throne, took place on Gladmoreheath, a mile north-west of the town, in commemoration of which, an obelisk was erected by Sir Jeremy Sambrook, at the junction of the roads from Hatfield and St. Alban's, near Hadleigh-common. The town, which is pleasantly situated, consists principally of one street, upwards of a mile in length: the houses, though interspersed occasionally with a few of more respectable appearance, are in general mean, and the inhabitants are but scantily supplied with water. The races, formerly held on Hadleighcommon, and discontinued after its enclosure, have been lately revived. The market is on Monday, and is chiefly noted for the sale of pigs; the fair commences on the 4th of September, and continues the three following days, on the last of which the races are held. The magistrates for the liberty hold a meeting here on the first Thursday in every month; and the town is within the jurisdiction of a court held at St. Alban's for the recovery of debts under 40s.: two constables and two headboroughs are appointed at the court leet of the lord of the manor, held at Easter. The chapel, dedicated to St. John the Baptist, was built by one of the abbots of St. Alban's, in the 15th century: it is a venerable structure in the style of that period, but has undergone several alterations. There is a place of worship for Independents. The free school was founded in 1573, by Queen Elizabeth, for the gratuitous instruction of nine children, the rest pay 5s. per quarter: it was farther endowed, in 1677, by Alderman Owen, and, in 1734, by the Rev. Henry Hall. There is also a National school built at the expense of the parent institution, and supported partly by a bequest from Mrs. Allen, in 1725, and partly by subscription. Jesus' Hospital, for six poor elderly women, was founded and endowed in 1679, by James Ravenscroft, and farther endowed with the residue of the produce of £500, left by Mrs. Barcock in 1731, after distributing £10 to the poor. In 1729, Mr. John Garret founded and endowed six almshouses for aged widows; and six others, for aged men and theirwives, were founded by Mr. Palmer, and endowed with part of an estate at Kentish Town. On Barnet-common there is a mineral spring, the water of which contains a considerable portion of calcareous glauber, with a small portion of sea salt, and for the due care of it, Alderman Owen, in 1677, left £1 per annum. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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