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Barnesley in York County England History and GeographyBARNESLEY, a market town and chapelry in the parish of SILKSTONE, wapentake of STAINCROSS, and in the liberty of the honour of PONTEFRACT, west riding of the county of YORK, 14 miles (N.) from Sheffield, 39 (S. by W.) from York, and 177 (N.W. by N.) from London, containing 8284 inhabitants. This town, in Domesday-book called Bernesleye, is pleasantly situated on the acclivity of a hill, and consists of several streets, the principal of which is spacious, and contains several handsome buildings: the houses in general are built of stone, obtained in the immediate neighbourhood. The town is paved, lighted with gas under an act passed in the 3d of George IV., and amply supplied with water from springs: considerable improvement has recently been made in the entrances and public roads. A subscription library was established in 1808, and a philosophical society in 1828; the members of the latter hold their meetings in the grammar school-room. The linen manufacture employs several thousand looms in the town and adjacent villages, and the spinning of yarn is carried on to a considerable extent: there are two iron-founderies; and the making of wire, formerly the principal branch of trade, is still continued on a smaller scale. Two canals, passing through the town, afford communication with the Calder and the Don. The market on Wednesday is chiefly for corn, and a smaller market for provisions is held on Saturday: the fairs are on the last Wednesday in February, May 13th, and Oct. 11th, for cattle and horses. Constables and other officers are appointed annually at the court leet of the lord of the manor; and a court for the honour of Pontefract is held on the Saturday in every third week, for the recovery of debts under £5. The chapel, dedicated to St. Mary, under an act obtained in the 59th of George III., has, with the exception of the tower, been rebuilt of freestone, dug in the vicinity. A church, dedicated to St. George, was erected in 1823, by grant from the parliamentary commissioners, at an expense of £5918. 11. 4.; it is a neat plain edifice, in the English style of architecture, with a small tower. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends, Independents, and Primitive and Wesleyan Methodists, and a Roman Catholic chapel. The free grammar school was founded and endowed in 1665, by Mr. Thomas Keresforth. A National school, for children of both sexes, is supported by subscription. George Ellis, in 1711, bequeathed land, directing the produce thereof to be applied in purchasing books for twenty boys and girls, in compensation to a curate for catechising them, and in apprenticing a few of them. About a mile from the town are the remains of the Cluniac priory of Monk Bretton, founded in the 3d of Henry II. by Adam Fitz-Swain, the revenue of which, at the dissolution, was £323. 8. 2. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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