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Arundel in Sussex County England History and GeographyARUNDEL, a borough, market town and parish, in the hundred and rape of ARUNDEL, county of SUSSEX, 10 miles (E. by N.) from Chichester, and 60 (S. by W.) from London, containing 2511 inhabitants. It derives name from its situation in a dale watered by the river Arun, and is first noticed in the will of Alfred, who bequeathed the castle, and the few residences that were beneath it, to his nephew Athelm. The castle was rebuilt by Roger de Montgomery, at the time of the Conquest; and, in the reign of Henry I., it was besieged and taken from Robert de Belesme, who had rebelled against his sovereign. In 1397, a conspiracy to dethrone Richard II. and to murder the lords of his council, was organised here by the Earl of Arundel, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Duke of Gloucester, and others, but was discovered before it could be carried into execution. During the parliamentary war, its occupation was considered an important object by the contending parties, and it consequently sustained frequent assaults; in one of these sieges, the learned Chillingworth, who had joined the royal army, was taken prisoner, and confined in the episcopal palace at Chichester, where he died. In consequence of the dilapidation which the castle thus sustained it lay for some time neglected, until its reparation by the late Duke of Norfolk, whereby it has become one of the most splendid baronial mansions in the kingdom, though some parts of the ancient buildings have mouldered into ruin. It confers on its possessor the title of Earl without creation, a feudal right, which was adjudged by parliament, in the 11th of Henry VI., to an ancestor of the present Duke of Norfolk, and is the only place, with the exception of the castle of Abergavenny, in Monmouthshire, which enjoys this distinction. The town is pleasantly situated on the acclivity of a hill rising from the bank of the Arun, which intersects it, the two parts being united by a neat stone bridge of three arches, and is here navigable for vessels of two hundred tons' burden. It is much frequented as a bathing-place, being within a distance of three miles from the sea: the houses are, in general, well built, and many of them are modern, and of handsome appearance; the streets are well paved, and the inhabitants plentifully supplied with water. A neat theatre is opened occasionally; and the higher grounds afford extensive prospects and pleasant promenades. The principal trade is in timber, for the use of the dock-yards, and bark, of which latter a great quantity is shipped. A canal, connecting the Arun with the Thames, affords facility of conveyance to every part of the kingdom. The market is on Thursday, chiefly for corn, the returns of the sale of which are considerable, and on Saturday for provisions. The fairs are held May 14th, August 21st, September 25th, and December 17th, chiefly for cattle and pedlary. Arundel was incorporated by charter of Elizabeth: the government is vested in a mayor, a steward, and twelve burgesses, assisted by other officers. The mayor exercises exclusive magisterial jurisdiction within the borough, and presides at a court for the recovery of debts under 40s. beld every three weeks: petty sessions are held here. The town is a borough by preseription, and since the time of Edward I. has continued to return two members to parliament: the right of election is vested in the inhabitants paying scot and lot, in number 190: the mayor is the returning officer. The living is a discharged vicarage, in the archdeaconry and diocese of Chichester, rated in the king's books at £5. 0. 10., and in the patronage of the Duke of Norfolk. The church, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and formerly collegiate, is a very ancient and spacious cruciform structure, with a low tower rising from the centre: in the northaisle of the chancel, which is in a very dilapidated state, are some ancient monuments: there are also a stone pulpit and some screen-work very finely executed. Inconsiderable remains of an hospital dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and of a convent of Black Friars, founded here in the reign of Edward II., may be traced. From Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England 1831, courtesy of Databases 4 Sale |
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